Gastroenterology is the study of the digestive system and diseases affecting this system. More specifically, specialists in this field study ailments of the gastrointestinal tract. This tract from the mouth to the anus includes organs such as, the esophagus, stomach, gall bladder, liver, small intestine, and colon. Patients with diseases such as Cholera, Appendicitis, and liver failure may be referred to a Gastroenterologist for diagnoses and treatment.
Historically, physicians have been studying gastroenterology since the 18th century when it was discovered that there are gastric juices in the stomach that aid digestion. Since then, the field has improved using a number of standard procedures and tools to prevent, treat, and diagnose everything from a case of bad gas to gall stones, or even Hepatitis.
A patient experiencing chronic abdominal pain or frequent bouts of nausea might see a gastroenterologist to have an endoscopy, one of the most common procedures to help diagnose gastrointestinal tract disease. Although this routine, outpatient procedure is not technically surgery, having an endoscopy does require some pre-surgical preparations. A long, thin, flexible tube with a light source and a camera at the end, is placed inside the mouth and slowly guided down the esophagus and through the GI tract. This way, a specialist can have a clearer, unobstructed view of the patients’ gastrointestinal tract. Patients can expect to be heavily sedated, and must not eat 8 hours prior to having the exam. In addition to giving the physician a closer view of the GI tract to help diagnose certain issues, an endoscope can also remove foreign objects or polyps, take tissue samples, and treat bleeding. Read the rest of this entry »